NATIONAL PROGRAMME FOR PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF CANCER, DIABETES, CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES & STROKE (NPCDCS)
Introduction:
In India four major NCDs-Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) such as heart attacks and stroke, Diabetes, Chronic Respiratory Diseases (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases and Asthma) and Cancer are the leading cause of death, accounting for over 60% of mortality, according to World Health Organisation and Government of India.
Over the last thirty years, the problem of diabetes has changed from being a mild disorder of the elderly to one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality affecting youth and middle aged people.
In 2008, 26% of all deaths in India were from cardiovascular diseases, for which hypertension is a leading metabolic risk factor (WHO, 2011a).
The estimated prevalence of high blood pressure amongst India's adult population is 2008 was 32.5% (33.2 males and 31.7 for females) (WHO, 2011a).
Premature Mortality:
Every 30-year old individual has a one in four chance of dying prematurely out of every 10 individuals
One has raised blood glucose
Two have raised blood pressure
Two are overweight
Three use tobacco products
Major proportion of Out Of Pocket Expenditure on health care is due to NCDs
Activities under NPCDCS at PHC/Sub-centre:
Health promotion activities for life-style changes
At Community/Sub-centre: Outreach activities
Population based Screening of common NCDs
Initiated in 100 districts in the first phase
ASHA/ANM/Health Workers to screen persons >30 yrs age for NCD Risk Factors, DM, High BP & common Cancers
Referral of suspected cases of DM/HTN/Cancer to PHC/CHC
At PHC: Confirmation of DM/HTN diagnosis and management, and follow-up of cases
Data recording and reporting:
Filling up of Family Folder at community level
Maintain Register at SC/PHC (details of suspected, referred or follow-up cases)
Monthly reporting of data
Form 1: from SC to PHC
Form 2: from PHC to CHC NCD Clinic
Present Situation:
Disease |
Diagnosed Case |
| Diabetes |
5968 |
| Hypertension |
12724 |
Diabetes & Hypertension |
2591 |
Cardio – Vascular Diseases (CVDs) |
140 |
Stroke |
264 |
Coronary Obstructive Pulmonary Disease(COPD) |
321 |
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) |
182 |
Oral Cancer |
5 |
Breast Cancer |
4 |
Cervical Cancer |
0 |
Other Cancer |
33 |
Total Nos. of Populations above 30 yrs (M/F) Screened and Diagnosed on NCDs 2022-2023 (June,2022)-130026 nos.
Special drive on Cancer and other NCDs namely 'MUCABELA'
The Non-Communicable Diseases like cardio-vascular diseases; Cancer, Chronic Respiratory Diseases, Diabetes, etc. are estimated to account for around 65% of all deaths (NFHS-5).
According to NFHS-5 (2019-21) Data, 21% of women and 24 % of men aged 15 and above have hypertension, and 39% of women and 49% of men aged 15 and above are pre-hypertensive. 12% of women and 14% of men aged 15 and above have random blood glucose levels greater than 140mg/dl.
Cancer is an alarming threat among the people in the country as well as in State of Tripura, as it has emerged to be the 2 nd Killer disease over the last two decades next to cardiovascular diseases among the Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD). Most of the Cancer cases are being reported at tertiary level in advance stages (III & IV). As a result, with all available cancer treatment modalities only 33% cancer patients are surviving more than 5 years. Therefore, early detection through population-based cancer screening can ensure long survival with a satisfactory extent of survival standard.
Hence, keeping in view of Problem of the Statement, it is clear that majority of the population in the state are not aware about sign and symptoms and gravity of the disease of Oral, Breast and Cervical cancer, which may lead to poor uptake of screening modalities and delay in diagnosis.
A new Campaign is initiated for formal screening and special drive to diagnose Oral, Breast and Cervical Cancer and other non-communicable Diseases, viz-hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, asthma etc, early through community approach and to treat in proper way. This will be a 04 Month comprehensive campaign including – robust capacity development, communication activities, community level and facility level screening process, diagnosis, referral, and treatment at tertiary care level.
The Campaign is named as Mukhyamantri Cancer O Asankramak Byedhi Sanaktokoron O Loksachetanata Abhiyaan (MUCABELA), -Winning over Cancer & Non-Communicable Disease.
The salient feature of this Special Drive is summarized as below:
1. To generate mass awareness and health education at community level.
2. Early and timely detection of NCDs through an intensive phase of screening.
3. Duration of survey 1 month.
4. Mass screening through Community Based Assessment Checklist (CBAC) by ASHA.
5. Whole process will be carried out by utilizing existing resources & manpower of different level.
6. Total expenditure of the special drive will be managed from available funds of ongoing National Programme under NHM, Tripura. No additional fund requirement is envisaged.
7. Overall monitoring and supervision will be done at all level in collaboration with Indian Dental Association (IDA), Tripura State Branch.
Total 2 Lakh population of above 30 years and who have not undergone Cancer Screening in the last 5 years will be covered through CBAC form under the Jurisdiction of 40 NCD Clinics by 7767 Nos. of ASHA worker for primary screening within a time period of 1 month.
Primary Screening will be done by ASHA workers by using CBAC forms through door-to-door visit
(FORMS uploading will be done at NCD Portal only, In this application, only Number of Forms filled up will be entered by ANM/ /MPW / CHO in Health Sub-Centre)
link for the app:- https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.app.mucabela
